I’d be firmly in the Type 1 camp in terms of what’s happening in software engineering where we’re forced to hold two conflicting views most of the time in a range of subjects.
I would contest though that (at least specifically in software engineering) that this conflict can be pretty toxic for our sanity in that it detracts from us doing our best work, generates animosity, and definitely causes a lot of friction. I suppose although we can hold the views, being forced to adhere to them practically is what is at issue.
Because we’re operating in a (fairly) new field I’m very open to a new phrase to more suitably describe our situation if you have one!